Biblical Context: Mount of Olives
DB Ryen
The western slope of the Mount of Olives faces Jerusalem, while its eastern slope is the edge of the arid Judean Desert that extends to the Dead Sea.
Length: Short, 265 words
As he was sitting on the Mount of Olives across from the Temple, his disciples Peter, James, John, and Andrew came on their own and asked him, “Tell us, when will this happen? And what will be the sign of your coming and the end of this age?”
— The Story of Jesus 28.2
[adapted from Mt 24:3; Mk 13:3-4]
East of Jerusalem, across the Kidron Valley, is a mountainous ridge that was populated by olive trees before Jerusalem’s fall in 70 AD, aptly named the Mount of Olives. Its western slope faces Jerusalem, while its eastern slope is the edge of the arid Judean Desert that extends to the Dead Sea. The area has been used extensively as a burial ground, the graves of which are still present today. Low on its western slope was a garden called Gethsemane, meaning “oil press” in Aramaic, which was likely the processing site of the olives harvested from the mountainside above. The Mount of Olives is higher in elevation than nearby Jerusalem. Looking across the Kidron Valley, the view from the Mount of Olives was a panorama of the Temple complex and the rest of the city.
The Mount of Olives is mentioned occasionally in the Old Testament, most notably as the site where David escaped to the wilderness away from his son Absalom. Zechariah recorded a vision of the Mount of Olives being split in half, which people fled through to the east. It was also the likely site of pagan worship at various times in Israel’s history, as a “high place” near Jerusalem.
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The Jewish capital of Jerusalem was (and still is) a prominent city in the Middle East, but it has a tumultuous history of repeated conquest, glory, rebellion, war, destruction, and restoration.
The Temple in Jerusalem was the central place of corporate worship for all Jews and the focus of Jewish religion and culture.
